Early detection and treatment not only improves individual outcomes but also helps control the spread of tuberculosis within communities.
Dr Vikas Mittal, pulmonologist at CK Birla Hospital, Delhi, differentiates between normal cough and tuberculous cough.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a globally prevalent infectious disease, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Early identification of tuberculosis symptoms is crucial for prompt treatment and prevention of its spread. In this process it is essential to distinguish a tuberculous cough from a normal cough.
Differentiate tuberculous cough from normal cough
- Duration and persistenceA major indicator of tuberculous cough is its prolonged duration, lasting more than three weeks. Unlike the common cough that may disappear in one or two weeks, tuberculous cough tends to persist and worsen over time.
- productive coughTuberculous cough often produces phlegm or sputum, which may contain blood. While regular coughing can also be productive, the presence of blood in sputum, known as hemoptysis, is more indicative of tuberculosis.
Accompanying symptoms
Tuberculous cough is usually accompanied by other symptoms such as fatigue, unexplained weight loss, fever, night sweats, and chest pain. These symptoms may not be present in a normal cough or may be less pronounced.
Other symptoms of tuberculosis
- FatiguePersistent tiredness and weakness, even after rest, are common symptoms of tuberculosis. This fatigue is often debilitating and is not relieved by normal sleep or rest.
- Unexplained weight lossTuberculosis can cause significant and unexplained loss of appetite, leading to weight loss. This weight loss is usually rapid and may be accompanied by muscle atrophy.
- FeverMild fever, usually in the afternoon or evening, is a classic symptom of tuberculosis. This fever can persist for weeks or months if left untreated.
- Night sweatsProfuse sweating, especially during sleep, is a characteristic symptom of tuberculosis. Night sweats are usually intense and can soak your bedding and sheets.
- Chest painChest discomfort or pain, especially when coughing or breathing deeply, may occur due to inflammation of the lungs or surrounding tissues caused by tuberculosis.
In conclusion, recognizing the signs of tuberculosis, including distinguishing cough from a normal cough, is vital for early diagnosis and treatment. If you experience a persistent cough accompanied by any of these symptoms, it is essential to seek medical attention immediately for proper evaluation and treatment. Early detection and treatment not only improves individual outcomes but also helps control the spread of tuberculosis within communities.
