Shamita Shetty undergoes endometriosis surgery; She knows everything about this condition

Endometriosis is a chronic condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterus. This tissue can be found in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, the outer surface of the uterus, and other organs within the pelvic region. During the menstrual cycle, these endometrium-like growths can swell and bleed, causing inflammation, scarring, and often severe pain. In some cases, endometriosis can also cause fertility problems.

Can endometriosis affect fertility?

Yes, endometriosis can affect fertility. The severity of its impact varies between people: some women experience minimal fertility problems, while others may have difficulty conceiving. Endometriosis can cause scar tissue, adhesions, and inflammation to form in the pelvic area, which can interfere with the normal functioning of the reproductive organs, including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus. These disturbances can affect ovulation, fertilization, embryo implantation, and overall reproductive health, making it difficult for women with endometriosis to get pregnant. However, with proper medical treatment and fertility treatments, many women with endometriosis can still conceive and have successful pregnancies.

How to control endometriosis?

Managing endometriosis usually involves a combination of medical treatments, lifestyle adjustments, and sometimes surgical interventions. Below is a detailed description of the management options:

1. Pain managementNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or naproxen, can help relieve pain and reduce inflammation associated with endometriosis. Hormonal therapies such as oral contraceptives (birth control pills), progestins, or gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists may be prescribed. It suppresses ovulation and decreases the growth and activity of endometrial tissue. For severe pain that does not respond to other treatments, stronger pain relievers or nerve blocking agents may be considered.
2. Hormone therapyHormonal treatments can help control the symptoms of endometriosis by suppressing the production of estrogen, which drives the growth of endometrial tissue. Options include birth control pills, progestin-only contraceptives (such as the hormonal IUD), GnRH agonists, and androgenic medications. Hormone therapy can help relieve pain, reduce menstrual bleeding, and slow the progression of endometriosis, but it can also have side effects and is not suitable for everyone.
3. Surgical interventionLaparoscopic surgery is often used to diagnose and treat endometriosis. During this minimally invasive procedure, a surgeon can remove endometrial implants, scar tissue, and adhesions while preserving reproductive organs. In more severe cases or when conservative treatments are not effective, a hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) with or without removal of the ovaries may be recommended. This is often considered a last resort, especially for women who no longer desire fertility.
4. Fertility treatmentFor women trying to conceive, fertility treatments such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intrauterine insemination (IUI) may be options. These procedures can prevent or mitigate the effects of endometriosis-related infertility by directly facilitating fertilization and embryo implantation. Some women with endometriosis may benefit from surgical interventions to remove endometrial tissue and improve fertility outcomes before attempting assisted reproductive techniques. Endometriosis is a chronic condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterus.
5. Lifestyle modificationsRegular exercise, a balanced diet, and stress management techniques such as yoga or meditation can help relieve symptoms and improve overall well-being. It may also be beneficial to avoid known triggers, such as certain foods or environmental toxins, which can exacerbate inflammation or hormonal imbalance.
6. Complementary therapiesSome people find relief from endometriosis symptoms through complementary therapies such as acupuncture, chiropractic care, or herbal supplements. However, evidence supporting the effectiveness of these approaches is limited and they should be used with caution alongside conventional medical treatments.

It is essential that people with endometriosis work closely with their healthcare providers to develop a personalized treatment plan tailored to their specific needs, preferences, and health goals. Regular monitoring and treatment adjustments as needed can help manage symptoms and optimize quality of life.

Endometriosis can profoundly affect people beyond fertility, manifesting in chronic pelvic pain, fatigue, and emotional distress. This condition strains relationships, hinders work performance, and creates financial burdens due to high medical costs. Social life is often restricted by symptoms, leading to isolation and frustration. With its multifaceted challenges, managing endometriosis requires comprehensive support from healthcare providers, mental health professionals, and loved ones to effectively address physical and emotional well-being.