Women with epilepsy face a higher risk of falls, fractures, osteoporosis and osteopenia compared to the general population
Dr. Shivananda Pai, Consultant Neurology, KMC Hospital, Dr. BR Ambedkar Circle Mangalore Shares Unique Challenges in Epilepsy for Women
Women with epilepsy face a variety of challenges, particularly in the areas of reproductive health, hormonal fluctuations, and social considerations. Understanding these challenges is essential for effective management and support.
- Hormonal fluctuationsWomen's lives are marked by hormonal changes, such as those that occur during puberty, menstruation, pregnancy and menopause. These fluctuations can significantly affect epilepsy. In particular, some women may notice an increase in seizure activity during their menstrual cycle, a phenomenon likely related to hormonal imbalances.
- Catamenial epilepsyThis specific type of epilepsy is characterized by doubling the frequency of seizures during or just before menstruation. The condition is thought to be due to fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels, and that increased estrogen or decreased progesterone potentially increases the risk of seizures.
- Pregnancy and epilepsyPregnancy control is essential for women with epilepsy. Given the potential risks that antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) pose to the developing fetus, it is essential that affected women work closely with healthcare professionals to design a safe treatment strategy. Furthermore, the occurrence of seizures during pregnancy could endanger both mother and child, underscoring the importance of strict seizure control during this period.
- bone healthWomen with epilepsy face a higher risk of falls, fractures, osteoporosis and osteopenia compared to the general population, highlighting the importance of monitoring and managing bone health in these people.
Preparation for pregnancy with epilepsy
Before trying to get pregnant, it is essential to consult with your healthcare provider, ideally one with experience managing high-risk pregnancies. This consultation should extend to your broader healthcare team, including your primary care provider and neurologist, to assess how well your epilepsy is managed and discuss any necessary adjustments to your treatment before you become pregnant. Women who experience frequent seizures may be advised to postpone pregnancy until their condition is better controlled.
It is vital to strictly adhere to the prescribed anti-seizure medication regimen, as uncontrolled seizures can pose a significant risk to your baby. It is imperative not to adjust the dosage of your medication or discontinue its use without professional guidance.
Furthermore, adopting healthy lifestyles plays a crucial role in managing epilepsy during pregnancy. This includes eating a balanced diet, taking prenatal vitamins, ensuring adequate sleep, and avoiding caffeine, cigarettes, alcohol, and illegal substances. These measures not only support overall health but also help minimize potential risks during pregnancy for women with epilepsy, promoting safer outcomes for both mother and baby.
